News

What is news        6/3/20
L/O:  to explore the nature and ownership the news industry


Purpose of news:

• Inform
• Educate
• Entertain
• Awareness 
• To profit
• Influence/persuade

Stephens

• 'News was not a spectators sport' What does he mean?

People got the news from each other when talking

• What differences 150 years ago made it possible for people to make a business out of news?

Printing press was created, the telegraph

• We can now access news anywhere which is a 'wonderful thing' Why? Do you agree?

The gap between the professionals and other people got smaller, but wasn't always a good thing as news could be lower quality

• Over three quarters of the British presses owned by a handful of billionaire.Over a quarter of the press is owned b Lord Rothermere and Rupert Murdoch

• They do not have to be neutral 

In the UK there are 3 main ownership models:

• Media Barons- owned by wealthy individuals e.g Rupert Murdoch
• Trusts- a legal arrangement that transfers funds from the owner to a 'trustee' to control an manage the running of the paper.
• Cross-media converged conglomerates- global institutions that own numerous media outlets.

News- a platform to inform, educate, entertain, profit and influence

Disadvantages of news being a commercial industry:

• concerned mostly about money
• put more popular stories rather than importance
• not full accuracy on stories

Advantages of news being a commercial industry:

• creates competition creating quality 
• Reduces prices

What are the disadvantages of a newspaper being self regulated?

• biased and not accurate

Advantages of self regulation

• freedom of the press

Fake news is news that isn't accurate and false

You can spot fake news by reading exaggerated cover lines or spotting any photoshop in newspapers.

Theres more fake news now because of photoshop and the internet

Newspaper, ownership, funding and regulation        13/3/20

L/O to explore the impact of newspaper ownership, funding and regulation on the printing press.





Tabloids- the sun, daily mirror
Broadsheet- the independent, daily telegraph, the times, financial times
Hybrid- the guardian, the express, daily mail

How do newspapers make money?

• Advertisement 
• Circulation- from people buying the paper
• Subscriptions or memberships
• Donations
• Events and sales

Rupert Murdoch- Sun, Times, Sunday Times, Sun on Sunday

Daily mail and general trust- Mail, Mail on Sunday 

Reach plc- Mirror, Sunday mirror, Sunday people, Daily record

Barclay brothers- Daily telegraph, Sunday telegraph

Scott trust limited- Guardian, observer 

Nikkei- financial times

How does media ownership contribute to news bias?

• Profit
• Business interests of owners/friends
• Political opinion of owner
• Commercial advertising ties

27/3/20
L/O: to investigate how newspapers target specific audiences 
The Sun- 16 to 45 years because of the less serious tone of cover lines and brighter colour palette
Daily mail- 35+ because it includes important stories happening in the country but also includes includes a bright colour palette and other stories
The Guardian-45 to 65 as it has more serious, political topics and a more simple colour scheme. It also has more information than the other two.



Observer:

• Age-  40-60
• No specific gender
• Mostly live in London or the south
• Social class
• Arts and culture lovers

Convergence- the merging of mass communication outlets e.g  print, tv and radio

This applies to the observer as it has an online magazine and a real magazine 

The online convergence helps reach a wider audience as more people now find information online as it is easier to access and search. Also the newspaper industry is slowly decreasing because of technology so by doing this it give them a boost.

The newspaper and online version are similar as they both use traditional media language of newspapers.
The online version has changed the relationship between the audience and the producer as the audience can comment on the articles and give their opinion.

Observer print:

• Social identity- open minded
• Information- gives both sides of an argument 
• Entertainment- gives other stories on celebrities 
• Interaction- stories can start conversations 

Observer online:

• Social identity- open minded
• Information- can access various stories online 
• Entertainment- provides various entertaining stories
• Interaction- audience can comment and give opinions on the stories and topics.

Media Language.        14/4/20

Advantages of online newspapers

• More accessible 
• Can be accessed for free
• Can provide various stories and information 

Disadvantages

• Not everyone has internet access 
• Can provide fake news

Observer magazine 

Masthead- the observer 

Main image-the man in red coat

Minor images- singers and Saiorse Ronan

Headline- exam reforms boost private pupils in race...

Observer/guardian online 

Masthead- the guardian 

Navigation bar-  news, opinion, sport...

Main image- in the middle

Minor image- on the right

Headline- uk parties unite...

Across all 3 observer/guardian platforms

• Show similar font to present a simple and informative brand
• They follow a similar colour palette presenting their brand as serious with little colour
• The layout is also similar as it can provide lots of information 

Codes and conventions for the observer

• Includes one main image showing focus and simplicity 
•  Small bits of information in bright coloured font 
• Small font size
• People in main image have serious facial expressions
• The covers include bright colours